First of all, we are talking about highly compensated individuals, making $1 million a year to play basketball -not students earning 20k working side jobs in college.
You don't like the police and firefighter example? Fine- why should anyone in any field - lawyer, doctor, accountant, whatever-- have to pay state income taxes, but a professional basketball player making $1 million a year - which puts them in the top 1% of income earners- not have to?
These college players wanted to be treated like paid professionals. Fine, they got that. Now pay your taxes like everyone else!